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Religion in the United States is remarkable both in its high adherence level compared to other developed countries as well as its diversity. The First Amendment to the country's Constitution prevents the government from having any authority in religion, and guarantees the free exercise of religion. A majority of Americans report that religion plays a "very important" role in their lives, a proportion unusual among developed nations, though similar to other nations in the Americas.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 work = Pew Global Attitudes Project )〕 Many faiths have flourished in the United States, including imports spanning the country's multicultural heritage as well as those founded within the country, and have led the United States to become the most religiously diverse country in the world. The majority of Americans identify themselves as Christians (71%), while non-Christian religions (including Buddhism, Hinduism, Judaism, and others) collectively make up about 6% of the adult population. Another 23% of the adult population identified as having no religious affiliation.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.pewforum.org/2015/05/12/americas-changing-religious-landscape/ )〕 According to the American Religious Identification Survey, religious belief varies considerably across the country: 59% of Americans living in Western states report a belief in God, yet in the South (the "Bible Belt") the figure is as high as 86%.〔http://www.gallup.com/poll/109108/Belief-God-Far-Lower-Western-US.aspx〕 The United States has more Christians than any other country in the world.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Christian Statistics: Top 10 Largest National Christian Populations )〕 Politicians frequently discuss their religion when campaigning, and many churches and religious figures are highly politically active. As important as religion is in politics, Jefferson, the third president of the United States, had to fight his way into office due to his controversial thoughts about religion. His writing was often seen as anti-Christian. It is argued that Jefferson’s win can be linked to him changing the election’s narrative from one about his own religious beliefs, to one about his tolerance of religious freedom (Lambert).〔Lambert, F. (1997). `God-and a religious president... () Jefferson and no God': for a voter-imposed. Journal of Church & State, 39(4), 769. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.〕 However, to keep their status as tax-exempt organizations they must not officially endorse a candidate. There are Christians in both the Democratic Party and the Republican Party, but evangelical Christians tend to support the Republican Party whereas more liberal Christians, Catholics and secular voters〔(Pew Forum: Religion and the 2006 Elections )〕 tend to support the Democratic Party. Every President and Vice President, with the exception of the current president, Barack Obama, was raised in a family with affiliations with Christian religions.〔 〕 Only former President John F. Kennedy, and current Vice President Joe Biden were raised in Roman Catholic families. Two former presidents, Richard Nixon and Herbert Hoover, were raised as Quakers. All the rest were raised in families affiliated with Protestant Christianity. However, many presidents have themselves had only a nominal affiliation with churches, and some never joined any church. There has never been a Jewish President or Vice-President. The only Jewish major party candidate for either of those offices was Joe Lieberman in the Gore-Lieberman campaign of 2000 (although John Kerry and Barry Goldwater both had Jewish ancestry). Lieberman's faith is Orthodox Judaic. Some sources indicate that Jews constitute only 1.4% of the U.S. population, although others indicate that Jews comprise as much as 2.1% of the population (a significant decline from over 3% in the 1950s, chiefly due to the relatively low birthrate among Jewish Americans and high rates of out-marriage to non-Jews). While fundamentalist religious people are less likely to have information collected about who they will vote for, they “tend to engage mainstream political activity at higher rates than the average American".〔Sherkat, D. E. (2007). Religion and Survey Non-Response Bias: Toward Explaining the Moral 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Religion and politics in the United States」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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